The Stars: Orion

One of the first star constellations that I was familiar with in this lifetime was Orion.


I knew him before and his story as Orion the Hunter. 


He was Diana's lover but her brother, Apollo did not approve and  one day tricked her into shooting at an object far out at sea.  Only when his dead body was washed up on the shore did she discover the treachery.  She resurrected him as a constellation and used to visit him in the stars.  She used to sit on his left shoulder as he was so big in the sky and they used to chat and tell each other stories.


In the cities the stars are barely seen and many are not but far from city lights in the countryside, you can see the lights of the galaxies far brighter.  The stars look different looking up from earth as to what they look when you are up in the stars with Orion looking down or looking at other stars, just being.



"

Orion - Greek and Roman Mythology

Orion was the son of Neptune. He was a handsome giant and a
mighty hunter. His father gave him the power of wading through
the depths of the sea, or as others say, of walking on its
surface.

Orion loved Merope, the daughter of Oenopion, king of Chios, and
sought her in marriage. He cleared the island of wild beasts,
and brought the spoils of the chase as presents to his beloved;
but as Oenopion constantly deferred his consent, Orion attempted
to gain possession of the maiden by violence. Her father,
incensed at this conduct, having made Orion drunk, deprived him
of his sight, and cast him out on the sea shore. The blinded
hero followed the sound of the Cyclops' hammer till he reached
Lemnos, and came to the forge of Vulcan, who, taking pity on him,
gave him Kedalion, one of his men, to be his guide to the abode
of the sun. Placing Kedalion on his shoulders, Orion proceeded
to the east, and there meeting the sun-god, was restored to sight
by his beam.

After this he dwelt as a hunter with Diana, with whom he was a
favorite, and it is even said she was about to marry him. Her
brother was highly displeased and often chide her, but to no
purpose. One day, observing Orion wading though the sea with his
head just above the water, Apollo pointed it out to his sister
and maintained that she could not hit that black thing on the
sea. The archer-goddess discharged a shaft with fatal aim. The
waves rolled the dead body of Orion to the land, and bewailing
her fatal error with many tears, Diana placed him among the
stars, where he appears as a giant, with a girdle, sword, lion's
skin, and club. Sirius, his dog, follows him, and the Pleiads
fly before him.

The Pleiads were daughters of Atlas, and nymphs of Diana's train.
One day Orion saw them, and became enamored, and pursued them.
In their distress they prayed to the gods to change their form,
and Jupiter in pity turned them into pigeons, and then made them
a constellation in the sky. Though their numbers was seven, only
six stars are visible, for Electra, one of them, it is said, left
her place that she might not behold the ruin of Troy, for that
city was founded by her son Dardanus. The sight had such an
effect on her sisters that they have looked pale ever since."


Ref:  http://www.online-mythology.com/orion/


Other sources say that Orion was a huntsman of greek mythology. There are many different stories on Orion the Hunter. Another story is that Orion the Hunter was born somewhere in Boeotia. He began boasting about his skills, claiming to have total superiority over all creatures. It annoyed the gods and they decided to punish him rudeness. The gods sent Scorpius to sting Orion's foot and kill him but Diana an admirer of Orion told the gods to place him in the sky to remember him. The gods agreed.And so Orion dominates the winter skies."

1. One of the objects in Orion's sword isn't a star at all its a nebula.

2. Did you know that Orion also has a star with a orbiting planet.

3. Orion contains 2 of the 10 brightest stars:Betelgeuse and Rigel

4. Orion's appearance in the night sky means winter is coming.

 5. Stars that make up Orion's head are a test of your sky's darkness. The more stars you can see the better your skies are.

7. Orion battles the mighty Taurus the Bull another constellation in the night sky.

8. On Orion's belt (the three stars at his waist) you can see the Great Nebula with the naked eye!

9. If you see Orion in the night sky Orion can help you find other constellations.

10.Betelgeuse will apparently become a black hole some day which is a star in Orion's arm pit. A black hole in his arm pit!?

List of other constellations that surround this one:

• Taurus the Bull
• Canis Major the Large dog
• Canis Minor the small dog
• Gemini the Twins
• Auriga the Charioteer

6. Orion fights with his hunting dogs Canis Major and Canis Minor.The Constellation includes the following Stars and Deep Space Objects:


Ref:  http://mail.colonial.net/~hkaiter/starweb0809/SECTION3/Faizalweb3a/constellation_template.html

List of Stars in this Constellation	List of Deep Space Objects in this Constellation
1.Rigel	1.Horse head Nebula
2.Betelgeuse	2.Trapezium
3.Alnilam	3.Orion Nebula
4.Mintaka	4.Flame Nebula
5.Alnitak	5.Barnard's Loop
6.Bellatrix	6.Orion Molecular Cloud Complex

EXTRACT:

Orion (constellation)

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Orion

Constellation
List of stars in Orion
Abbreviation	Ori
Genitive	Orionis
Pronunciation	/ɒˈraɪ.ən/
Symbolism	Orion, the Hunter
Right ascension	5 h
Declination	+5°
Quadrant	NQ1
Area	594 sq. deg. (26th)
Main stars	7
Bayer/Flamsteed stars	81
Stars with planets	7
Stars brighter than 3.00m	8
Stars within 10.00 pc (32.62 ly)	8
Brightest star	Rigel (β Orionis) (0.12m)
Nearest star	GJ 3379 (17.51 ly, 5.37 pc)
Messier objects	3
Meteor showers	Orionids Chi Orionids
Bordering constellations	Gemini Taurus Eridanus Lepus Monoceros
Visible at latitudes between +85° and −75°. Best visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of January. Credit: Mouser Williams

Orion, often referred to as The Hunter, is a prominent constellation located on the celestial equator and visible throughout the world. It is one of the most conspicuous, and most recognizable constellations in the night sky.^[1] Its name refers to Orion, a hunter in Greek mythology.

Contents [hide] 1 Visualizations 2 Navigational aid 3 Notable features 3.1 Stars 3.2 Belt 3.3 Meteor showers 3.4 Deep sky objects 4 Cultural significance 4.1 Ancient Near East 4.2 Greek and Roman 4.3 Hungarian 4.4 Scandinavia 4.5 Indian 4.6 Chinese 4.7 Native American 4.8 Australian aboriginal 4.9 Indonesia 4.10 Malaysia and Philippines 4.11 Contemporary symbolism 5 Future 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links

Visualizations

See also: List of stars in Orion

Orion as depicted in Urania's Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London c.1825.

Orion includes the prominent asterism known as the Belt of Orion: three bright stars in a row. Surrounding the belt at roughly similar distances are four bright stars, which are considered to represent the outline of the hunter's body. Descending from the 'belt' is a smaller line of three stars (the middle of which is in fact not a star but the Orion Nebula), known as the hunter's 'sword'.
In artistic renderings, the surrounding constellations are sometimes related to Orion: he is depicted standing next to the river Eridanus with his two hunting dogs Canis Major and Canis Minor, fighting Taurus the bull. He is sometimes depicted hunting Lepus the hare.
There are alternative ways to visualize Orion. From the Southern Hemisphere, Orion is oriented differently, and the belt and sword are sometimes called the Saucepan, or Pot in Australia/New Zealand. Orion's Belt is called Drie Konings (Three Kings) or the Drie Susters (Three Sisters) by Afrikaans speakers in South Africa,^[2] and are referred to as les Trois Rois (the Three Kings) in Daudet's Lettres de Mon Moulin (1866). The appellation Driekoningen (the Three Kings) is also often found in 17th- and 18th-century Dutch star charts and seaman's guides. The same three stars are known in Spain and Latin America as "The Three Marys".
In the tropics (less than about 8° from the equator) the constellation transits in the zenith which is best seen in November to February each year. In the northern hemisphere, it is a winter constellation because from April to August it can only be viewed in the southern hemisphere. However, in Antarctica it is best seen in the winter months of the southern hemisphere, due to the summer sun not setting and therefore no stars being visible. From May to July in the southern hemisphere, Orion is in the 'daytime' sky; however for most of Antarctica, the Sun is below the horizon even at midday, so stars (and thus Orion) are most visible at twilight for a couple of hours around midday low in the North. At the South Pole itself (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station) only Rigel is 8° above the horizon and the belt sweeps just along it.

Navigational aid

Using Orion to find stars in neighbor constellations

Orion is very useful as an aid to locating other stars. By extending the line of the Belt southeastward, Sirius (α CMa) can be found; northwestward, Aldebaran (α Tau). A line eastward across the two shoulders indicates the direction of Procyon (α CMi). A line from Rigel through Betelgeuse points to Castor and Pollux (α Gem and β Gem). Additionally, Rigel is part of the Winter Circle. Sirius and Procyon, which may be located from Orion by tracing lines, also are points in both the Winter Triangle and the Circle.^[3]

Notable features

Stars

See also: list of stars in Orion

• Betelgeuse, known alternatively by its Bayer designation Alpha Orionis, is a massive M-type red supergiant star nearing the end of its life. When it explodes it will even be visible during the day. It is the second brightest star in Orion, and is a semiregular variable star.^[4] It serves as the "right shoulder" of the hunter it represents (assuming that he is facing the observer), and is the twelfth brightest star in the night sky.^[5]

• Rigel, which is also known as Beta Orionis, is a B-type blue supergiant that is the sixth brightest star in the night sky. Similar to Betelguese, Rigel is fusing heavy elements in its core and will pass its supergiant stage soon (on an astronomical timescale), either collapsing in the case of a supernova or shedding its outer layers and turning into a white dwarf. It serves as the left foot of Orion, the hunter.^[6]

• Bellatrix was designated Gamma Orionis by Johann Bayer, but is known colloquially as the "Amazon Star". It is the twenty-second brightest star in the night sky.^[7] Bellatrix is considered a B-type blue giant, though it is too small to explode in a supernova. Bellatrix's luminosity is derived from its high temperature rather than its radius,^[8] a factor that defines Betelgeuse.^[4] Bellatrix serves as Orion's left shoulder.^[8]

• Mintaka garnered the name Delta Orionis from Bayer, even though it is the faintest of the three stars in Orion's Belt. It is a multiple star system, composed of a large B-type blue giant and a more massive O-type white star. The Mintaka system constitutes an eclipsing binary variable star, where the eclipse of one star over the other creates a dip in brightness. Mintaka is the westernmost of the three stars of Orion's Belt.^[9]

• Alnilam was named Epsilon Orionis, a consequence of Bayer's wish to name the three stars in Orion's Belt (from north to south) in alphabetical order. Alnilam is a B-type blue supergiant; despite being nearly twice as far from the Sun as Mintaka and Alnitak, the other two belt stars, its luminosity makes it nearly equal in magnitude. Alnilam is losing mass quickly, a consequence of its size;^[10] it is approximately four million years old.^[10]

• Alnitak was designated Zeta Orionis by Bayer, and is the easternmost star in Orion's Belt. It is a triple star some 800 light years distant, with the primary star being a hot blue supergiant and the brightest class O star in the night sky.

• Saiph was designated Kappa Orionis by Bayer, and serves as Orion's right foot. It is of a similar distance and size to Rigel, but appears much fainter, as its hot surface temperature (46,000°F or 26,000°C) causes it to emit most of its light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum.

Of the lesser stars, Hatsya (or Iota Orionis) forms the tip of Orion's sword, whilst Meissa (or Lambda Orionis) forms Orion's head. In common with many other bright stars, the names Betelgeuse, Rigel, Saiph, Alnitak, Mintaka, Alnilam, Hatsya and Meissa originate from the Arabic language.

Proper Name	Solar Radi	Apparent Magnitude	~Distance (L Yrs)
Betelgeuse	667	0.43	643
Rigel	78	0.18	772
Bellatrix	7.0	1.62	243
Mintaka	?	2.23 (3.2/3.3) / 6.85 / 14.0	900
Alnilam	26	1.68	1359
Alnitak	?	1.70/~4/4.21	800
Saiph	11	2.06	724

Belt

Main article: Orion's Belt

Orion Constellation Map

Closeup Image of Orion Belt

Orion's Belt or The Belt of Orion is an asterism in the constellation Orion. It consists of the three bright stars: ζ Ori (Alnitak), ε Ori (Alnilam), and δ Ori (Mintaka). Alnitak is approximately 800 light years away from earth and, including ultraviolet radiation, which human eye cannot see, Alnitak is 100,000 times more luminous than the Sun.^[11] Alnilam is approximately 1340 light years away from Earth, shines with magnitude 1.70, and with ultraviolet light is 375,000 times more luminous than the Sun.^[12] Mintaka is 915 light years away and shines with magnitude 2.21. It is 90,000 times more luminous than the Sun and is a double star: the two orbit each other every 5.73 days.^[13] Looking for Orion's Belt in the night sky is the easiest way to locate the constellation. In the Northern Hemisphere, Orion's Belt is best visible in the night sky during the month of January at around 9:00 pm, when it is approximately around the local meridian.^[14]
The same three stars are known in Latin America as "The Three Marys".^[15] They also mark the northern night sky when the sun is at its lowest point, and were a clear marker for ancient timekeeping.
Richard Hinckley Allen lists many folk names for the Belt of Orion. The English ones include: Jacob's Rod or Staff; Peter's Staff; the Golden Yard-arm; the L, or Ell; the Ell and Yard; the Yard-stick, and the Yard-wand; the Ellwand; Our Lady's Wand; the Magi; the Three Kings; the Three Marys; or simply the Three Stars.
The passage "Canst thou bind the sweet influences of Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion?" is found in the Bible's Book of Job.
The Malay called the stars in belt as Bintang Tiga Beradik (Three Brother Star).
The Finns call the Orion's belt and the stars below it as Väinämöisen viikate (Väinämöinen's scythe)

The Belt of Orion

The region of Orion’s Belt and the Flame Nebula

Orion and a total lunar eclipse as viewed from the surface of the earth

Meteor showers

Around October 21 each year the Orionid meteor shower reaches its peak. Coming from the border with the constellation Gemini as many as 20 meteors per hour can be seen.

Deep sky objects

Hanging from Orion's belt is his sword, consisting of the multiple stars θ1 and θ2 Orionis, called the Trapezium and the Orion Nebula (M42). This is a spectacular object which can be clearly identified with the naked eye as something other than a star. Using binoculars, its swirling clouds of nascent stars, luminous gas, and dust can be observed.
Another famous nebula is IC 434, the Horsehead Nebula, near ζ Orionis. It contains a dark dust cloud whose shape gives the nebula its name.
Besides these nebulae, surveying Orion with a small telescope will reveal a wealth of interesting deep-sky objects, including M43, M78, as well as multiple stars including Iota Orionis and Sigma Orionis. A larger telescope may reveal objects such as Barnard's Loop, the Flame Nebula (NGC 2024), as well as fainter and tighter multiple stars and nebulae.
All of these nebulae are part of the larger Orion Molecular Cloud Complex which is located approximately 1,500 light-years away and is hundreds of light-years across. It is one of the most intense regions of stellar formation visible in our galaxy.

Cultural significance

Star formation in the constellation Orion as photographed in infrared by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.

The current configuration of stars now known as the constellation of Orion formed roughly about 1.5 million years ago, as stars move relatively slowly from the perspective of Earth. Orion will remain recognizable in the night sky for the next 1 to 2 million years, making it one of the longest observable constellations, parallel to the rise of human civilization.
Because it is so bright and distinctive, the pattern of stars that forms Orion was recognized as a coherent constellation by many ancient civilizations, though with different representations and mythologies.

Ancient Near East

The Babylonian star catalogues of the Late Bronze Age name Orion ^MULSIPA.ZI.AN.NA, "The Heavenly Shepherd" or "True Shepherd of Anu" - Anu being the chief god of the heavenly realms.^[16] The Babylonian constellation was sacred to Papshukal and Ninshubur, both minor gods fulfilling the role of 'messenger to the gods'. Papshukal was closely associated with the figure of a walking bird on Babylonian boundary stones, and on the star map the figure of the Rooster was located below and behind the figure of the True Shepherd.^[17]
The Bible mentions Orion three times: Job 9:9 ("He is the maker of the Bear and Orion"), Job 38:31 ("Can you loosen Orion`s belt?"), and Amos 5:8 ("He who made the Pleiades and Orion"). In ancient Aram, the constellation was known as Nephila, Orion's descendants were known as Nephilim.^[18]
The stars of Orion were associated with Osiris, the sun-god of rebirth and afterlife, by the ancient Egyptians.^[19][20][21]
Orion has also been identified with the last Egyptian Pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty called Unas who, according to the Pyramid Texts, became great by eating the flesh of his mortal enemies and then slaying and devouring the gods themselves. This was based on a belief in contiguous magic whereby consuming the flesh of great people would bring inheritance of their power.^[20] After devouring the gods and absorbing their spirits and powers, Unas journeys through the day and night sky to become the star Sabu, or Orion.^[19] The Pyramid Texts also show that the dead Pharaoh was identified with the god Osiris, whose form in the stars was often said to be the constellation Orion.^[19]

Greek and Roman

Main article: Orion (mythology)

Orion's current name derives from Greek mythology, in which Orion was a gigantic hunter of primordial times.^[22] Some of these myths relate to the constellation; one story tells that Orion was killed by a giant scorpion; the gods raised him and the Scorpion to the skies, as Scorpio/Scorpius. Yet other stories say Orion was chasing the Pleiades.^[23]
The constellation is mentioned in Horace's Odes, Homer's Odyssey (Book 5, line 283) and Iliad, and Virgil's Aeneid (Book 1, line 535)

Hungarian

In ancient Hungarian mythology, Orion is also a great hunter and warrior, his name is Nimród and he's the mythological father of Hungarians.

Scandinavia

In pre-Christian Scandinavia, "Orion's belt" was known as Frigg's Distaff (Friggerock) or Freyja's distaff.^[24]
In Finnish mythology the constellation of Orion is called the scythe of Väinämöinen. The term most likely comes from the fact that it can be seen in the sky in early autumn in the Northern Hemisphere, the time of harvesting crops.

Indian

In Indian mythology, the Rig Veda refers to the Orion Constellation as Mriga (The Deer).^[25]

Chinese

In China, Orion was one of the 28 lunar mansions Sieu (Xiu) （宿）. Known as Shen （參）, literally meaning "three", it is believed to be named so for the three stars located in Orion's belt. (See Chinese constellations)
The Chinese character 參 (pinyin shēn) originally meant the constellation Orion (Chinese: 參宿; pinyin: shēnxiù); its Shang dynasty version, over three millennia old, contains at the top a representation of the three stars of Orion's belt atop a man's head (the bottom portion representing the sound of the word was added later).^[26]

Native American

The Yokut Native American tribe of the California Central Valley saw the three bright stars as the foot prints of the god of the flea people. According to legend, when his five wives became itchy and ran away, three times the god of the flea people jumped into the sky to look for them. When his footprints are seen (stars are visible in the winter months) the flea people grow afraid and go into hiding (i.e. dormant). This helped explain to the tribal people why they couldn't count on those stars for guides in the summer months, and why there were no fleas about.


The Seri people of northwestern Mexico call the three stars in the belt of this constellation Hapj (a name denoting a hunter) which consists of three stars: Hap (mule deer), Haamoja (pronghorn), and Mojet (bighorn sheep). Hap is in the middle and has been shot by the hunter; its blood has dripped onto Tiburón Island.^[27]
The Aztecs called the belt and sword of Orion the Fire Drill. Its appearance over the horizon served as the signal of the start of the New Fire ceremony.

Australian aboriginal

Orion is also important in Australian Aboriginal Astronomy. For example, the Yolngu people of Arnhem Land say that the constellation of Orion, which they call Julpan, is a canoe. They tell the story of two brothers who went fishing, and caught and ate a fish that was forbidden under their law. Seeing this, the Sun sent a waterspout that carried the two brothers and their canoe up into the sky where they became the Orion constellation.

Indonesia

The Javanese in Indonesia called this constellation as Bintang Waluku (Star of Plough)

Malaysia and Philippines

The people of Malaysia and Philippines called this constellation as Belantik in Malay language and Balatik in Tagalog language.

Contemporary symbolism

The imagery of the belt and sword has found its way into popular western culture, for example in the form of the shoulder insignia of the 27th Infantry Division of the United States Army during both World Wars, probably owing to a pun on the name of the division's first commander, Major General John F. O'Ryan.
The defunct film distribution company Orion Pictures used the constellation as its logo.
The constellation is referenced in The Lord of the Rings. The Elves call it "Menelvagor"-- the Swordsman of the Sky.

Future

Orion is presently located on the celestial equator, but it will not always be so located due to the effects of precession of the Earth's axis. Orion lies well south of the ecliptic, and it only happens to lie on the celestial equator because the point on the ecliptic that corresponds to the June solstice is close to the border of Gemini and Taurus, to the north of Orion. Precession will eventually carry Orion further south, and by 14,000 AD Orion will be far enough south that it will become invisible from the latitude of Great Britain.^[28]
Further in the future, Orion's stars will gradually move away from the constellation due to proper motion. However, Orion's brightest stars all lie at a large distance from the Earth on an astronomical scale—much farther away than Sirius, for example. Orion will still be recognizable long after most of the other constellations—composed of relatively nearby stars—have distorted into new configurations, with the exception of a few of its stars eventually exploding as supernovae. For example, Betelgeuse, the "right shoulder", is so large and old that it may explode and disappear within a few thousand years.

See also

• Orvandil
• Orion Correlation Theory

Notes

1. ^ Dolan, Chris. "Orion". http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/constellations/Orion.html. Retrieved 2007-10-05. 
2. ^ Three Kings and the Cape Clouds at psychohistorian.org
3. ^ Orion Constellation
4. ^ ^{a b} "Variable Star of the Month, Alpha Ori". Variable Star of the Season. American Association of Variable Star Observers. 2000. http://www.aavso.org/vstar/vsots/1200.shtml. Retrieved 2009-02-26. ^{[dead link]}
5. ^ "Betelgeuse". Chris Dolan's Constellations. University of Wisconsin. 2009. http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/hr/2061.html. Retrieved 2009-02-26. 
6. ^ "Rigel". Jim Kaler's Stars. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Campus. 2009. http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~jkaler/sow/rigel.html. Retrieved 2009-02-26. 
7. ^ "Bellatrix". Chris Dolan's Constellations. University of Wisconsin. 2009. http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/hr/1790.html. Retrieved 2009-02-26. 
8. ^ ^{a b} "Bellatrix". Jim Kaler's Stars. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Campus. 2009. http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~jkaler/sow/bellatrix.html. Retrieved 2009-02-26. 
9. ^ "Mintaka". Jim Kaler's Stars. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Campus. 2009. http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~jkaler/sow/mintaka.html. Retrieved 2009-02-26. 
10. ^ ^{a b} "Alnilam". Jim Kaler's Stars. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Campus. 2009. http://www.astro.uiuc.edu/~jkaler/sow/alnilam.html. Retrieved 2009-02-26. 
11. ^ http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/alnitak.html
12. ^ http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/alnilam.html
13. ^ http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/mintaka.html
14. ^ http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/constellations/Orion.html
15. ^ Lenda de Órion e as Três Marias
16. ^ John H. Rogers, "Origins of the ancient contellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions", Journal of the British Astronomical Association 108 (1998) 9–28
17. ^ Babylonian Star-lore by Gavin White, Solaria Pubs, 2008, page 218ff & 170
18. ^ Peake's commentary on the Bible^{[citation needed]}
19. ^ ^{a b c} The Oxford Guide: Essential Guide to Egyptian Mythology, Edited by Donald B. Redford, p302-307, Berkley, 2003, ISBN 0-425-19096-X
20. ^ ^{a b} Mackenzie, Donald A. (1907). "Triumph of the Sun God". Egyptian Myth and Legend. Gresham Pub. Co.. pp. 167–168. ISBN 0517259125. http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/eml/eml15.htm. 
21. ^ http://www.coldwaterschools.org/lms/planetarium/myth/orion.html; http://www.constellationsofwords.com/Constellations/Orion.html
22. ^ Star Tales – Orion
23. ^ Chandra :: Photo Album :: Constellation Orion
24. ^ Schön, Ebbe. (2004). Asa-Tors hammare, Gudar och jättar i tro och tradition. Fält & Hässler, Värnamo. p. 228.
25. ^ Holay, P. V.. "Vedic astronomers". Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India 26: 91–106. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998BASI...26...91H. 
26. ^ 漢語大字典 Hànyǔ Dàzìdiǎn (in Chinese), 1992 (p.163). 湖北辭書出版社和四川辭書出版社 Húbĕi Cishu Chūbǎnshè and Sìchuān Cishu Chūbǎnshè, re-published in traditional character form by 建宏出版社 Jiànhóng Publ. in Taipei, Taiwan; ISBN 957-813-478-9
27. ^ Moser, Mary B.; Stephen A. Marlett (2005) (in Spanish and English). Comcáac quih yaza quih hant ihíip hac: Diccionario seri-español-inglés. Hermosillo, Sonora and Mexico City: Universidad de Sonora and Plaza y Valdés Editores. http://lengamer.org/admin/language_folders/seri/user_uploaded_files/links/File/DiccionarioSeri2005.pdf. 
28. ^ http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/moonkmft/Articles/Precession.html

References

• Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion (2007). Stars and Planets Guide, Collins, London. ISBN 978-0007251209. Princeton University Press, Princeton. ISBN 978-0691135564.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Orion

• The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Orion
• Melbourne Planetarium: Orion Sky Tour
• The clickable Orion
• Star Tales – Orion
• Deep Widefield image of Orion

[show]v · d · eStars of Orion Bayer α (Betelgeuse) • β (Rigel) • γ (Bellatrix) • δ (Mintaka) • ε (Alnilam) • ζ (Alnitak) • η (Algjebba) • θ¹ (Trapezium Cluster: θ¹ A • θ¹ B • θ¹ C • θ¹ D) • θ² • ι (Hatsya) • κ (Saiph) • λ (Meissa) • μ • ν • ξ • ο¹ • ο² • π¹ • π² • π³ (Tabit) • π4 • π5 • π6 • ρ • σ • τ • υ (Thabit) • φ¹ • φ² • χ¹ • χ² • ψ • ω • b • c • d • e • f¹ • f² • g • h • i • k • l • m • n¹ • n² • o • p • A Flamsteed 1 (π³, Tabit) • 2 (π²) • 3 (π4) • 4 (ο¹) • 5 • 6 (g) • 7 (π¹) • 8 (π5) • 9 (ο²) • 10 (π6) • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 (i) • 15 • 16 (h) • 17 (ρ) • 18 • 19 (β, Rigel) • 20 (τ) • 21 • 22 (o) • 23 (m) • γ (Bellatrix) • 25 • 26 • 27 (p) • 28 (η, Algjebba) • 29 (e) • 30 (ψ) • 31 • 32 (A) • 33 (n¹) • 34 (δ, Mintaka) • 35 • 36 (υ, Thabit) • 37 (φ¹) • 38 (n²) • 39 (λ, Meissa) • 40 (φ²) • 41 (θ¹, Trapezium Cluster: θ¹ A • θ¹ B • θ¹ C • θ¹ D) • 42 (c) • 43 (θ²) • 44 (ι, Hatsya) • 45 • 46 (ε, Alnilam) • 47 (ω) • 48 (σ) • 49 (d) • 50 (ζ, Alnitak) • 51 (b) • 52 • 53 (κ, Saiph) • 54 (χ¹) • 55 • 56 • 57 • 58 (α, Betelgeuse) • 59 • 60 • 61 (μ) • 62 (χ²) • 63 • 64 • 65 • 66 • 67 (ν) • 68 • 69 (f¹) • 70 (ξ) • 71 • 72 (f²) • 73 • 74 (k) • 75 (l) Nearby GJ 3379 • Gliese 205 • Ross 47 • Gliese 223.2 • GJ 1087 • π³ (Tabit) • χ¹ Other S • HD 36960 List

[show]v · d · eThe 88 modern constellations Andromeda · Antlia · Apus · Aquarius · Aquila · Ara · Aries · Auriga · Boötes · Caelum · Camelopardalis · Cancer · Canes Venatici · Canis Major · Canis Minor · Capricornus · Carina · Cassiopeia · Centaurus · Cepheus · Cetus · Chamaeleon · Circinus · Columba · Coma Berenices · Corona Australis · Corona Borealis · Corvus · Crater · Crux · Cygnus · Delphinus · Dorado · Draco · Equuleus · Eridanus · Fornax · Gemini · Grus · Hercules · Horologium · Hydra · Hydrus · Indus · Lacerta · Leo · Leo Minor · Lepus · Libra · Lupus · Lynx · Lyra · Mensa · Microscopium · Monoceros · Musca · Norma · Octans · Ophiuchus · Orion · Pavo · Pegasus · Perseus · Phoenix · Pictor · Pisces · Piscis Austrinus · Puppis · Pyxis · Reticulum · Sagitta · Sagittarius · Scorpius · Sculptor · Scutum · Serpens · Sextans · Taurus · Telescopium · Triangulum · Triangulum Australe · Tucana · Ursa Major · Ursa Minor · Vela · Virgo · Volans · Vulpecula

[show]v · d · eConstellation history [show]v · d · eThe 48 constellations listed by Ptolemy after 150 AD Andromeda · Aquarius · Aquila · Ara · Argo Navis · Aries · Auriga · Boötes · Cancer · Canis Major · Canis Minor · Capricornus · Cassiopeia · Centaurus · Cepheus · Cetus · Corona Australis · Corona Borealis · Corvus · Crater · Cygnus · Delphinus · Draco · Equuleus · Eridanus · Gemini · Hercules · Hydra · Leo · Lepus · Libra · Lupus · Lyra · Ophiuchus · Orion · Pegasus · Perseus · Pisces · Piscis Austrinus · Sagitta · Sagittarius · Scorpius · Serpens · Taurus · Triangulum · Ursa Major · Ursa Minor · Virgo [show]v · d · eThe 41 additional constellations added in the 16th–17th c. ▶ Vespucci or Corsalius early 16c: Crux · Triangulum Australe ▶ Vopel 1536: Coma Berenices ▶ Keyser & de Houtman 1596: Apus · Chamaeleon · Dorado · Grus · Hydrus · Indus · Musca · Pavo · Phoenix · Tucana · Volans ▶ Plancius 1613: Camelopardalis · Columba · Monoceros ▶ Habrecht 1621: Reticulum ▶ Hevelius 1683: Canes Venatici · Lacerta · Leo Minor · Lynx · Scutum · Sextans · Vulpecula ▶ de Lacaille 1763: Antlia · Caelum · Carina · Circinus · Fornax · Horologium · Mensa · Microscopium · Norma · Octans · Pictor · Puppis · Pyxis · Sculptor · Telescopium · Vela [show]v · d · eObsolete constellations including Ptolemy's Argo Navis Anser · Antinous · Argo Navis · Asterion · Cancer Minor · Cerberus · Chara · Custos Messium · Felis · Frederici Honores/Gloria Frederici · Gallus · Globus Aerostaticus · Jordanus · Lochium Funis · Machina Electrica · Malus · Mons Maenalus · Musca Borealis · Noctua · Officina Typographica · Polophylax · Psalterium Georgianum/Harpa Georgii · Quadrans Muralis · Ramus Pomifer · Robur Carolinum · Sceptrum Brandenburgicum · Sceptrum et Manus Iustitiae · Solarium · Rangifer/Tarandus · Taurus Poniatovii · Telescopium Herschelii · Testudo · Tigris · Triangulum Minus · Turdus Solitarius · Vespa · Vultur cadens · Vultur volans obsolete constellation names Apis · Phoenicopterus · Serpentarius · Xiphias

Coordinates: 05^h 30^m 00^s, +00° 00′ 00″

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orion_(constellation)"

Categories: Orion constellation | Constellations | Northern constellations | Constellations listed by Ptolemy | Eastern constellations